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English cleric, theologian, and evangelist who founded the Methodist movement

Russian mathematician and physicist who developed the Friedmann equations, originating the theory of an expanding universe

Bashkir national hero, poet, and rebel known for his leadership in Pugachev's Rebellion

American statesman, diplomat, and Founding Father who served as the fourth president and is known as the "Father of the Constitution" for his role in drafting the U.S. Constitution and the Bill of Rights

Venezuelan general and politician, known as the "Gran Mariscal de Ayacucho," who was a primary leader in South America's independence from the Spanish Empire and served as president of Bolivia

German Nobel laureate in Chemistry known for his investigations of the constitution of the bile acids and related substances

Emir of Kuwait, a respected head of state, diplomat, and military commander who led his nation until 2020

German and American aerospace engineer and space architect who led rocket technology development in Nazi Germany and later in the US space program

American cytogeneticist awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize for her discovery of mobile genetic elements and pioneering work in maize cytogenetics

American biochemist and Nobel laureate recognized for his discovery of nitric oxide as a crucial cellular signal in the cardiovascular system

Head of the Catholic Church from 1922 to 1939 and the first sovereign of Vatican City

Italian Renaissance painter of the Venetian school known for his dynamic brushwork, muscular figures, and bold use of perspective

Austrian composer known as the "Father of the Symphony" and "Father of the String Quartet"

King of Great Britain and Ireland who oversaw the unification of the United Kingdom and was the first British-born Hanoverian monarch

Venetian adventurer, writer, and autobiographer known for his detailed account of 18th-century European life and customs

The first woman to earn a medical degree in the United States, an American physician, abolitionist, and women's rights activist

American scientist, physicist, and chemist who led the Homestake experiment, the first to detect solar neutrinos, and shared the 2002 Nobel Prize in Physics

American theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate who co-developed the BCS theory of superconductivity

American poet, essayist, and journalist known as the father of free verse, who profoundly influenced American and world literature with works such as Leaves of Grass

Ukrainian military leader and politician who led the Ukrainian People's Republic during the Ukrainian War of Independence

Algerian religious and military leader, scientist, author, and resistance fighter known for leading the struggle against French colonial invasion

Fifth Ottoman Sultan who reunited the empire after the Interregnum, expanding its territories and reestablishing central authority

American film director, producer, and actor known for critically acclaimed studio films and receiving two Academy Awards

American astronaut and physicist who became the first American woman to fly in space, and a dedicated advocate for science education