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French lawyer, politician, and writer renowned for his timeless work on the philosophy and pleasure of food, <i>Physiologie du goût</i>

French filmmaker who launched Brigitte Bardot with And God Created Woman and directed Jane Fonda in Barbarella

French mathematician and statistician known for de Moivre's formula, probability theory, and the normal distribution

French composer and pianist celebrated for his blend of wit and profound spirituality in works like Dialogues des Carmélites and Mouvements perpétuels

French neurologist known as "the founder of modern neurology" for his work on diseases like multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's, and his studies on hysteria

French novelist and military officer best known for his influential and scandalous epistolary novel, Les Liaisons dangereuses

French aristocrat and writer celebrated for her extensive, witty, and vivid letters, primarily to her daughter

French revolutionary, writer, and salonnière whose intelligence and political acumen influenced the Girondin faction, leaving a legacy through her insightful memoirs

French Baroque composer, organist, and harpsichordist known as 'Couperin le Grand' for his influential keyboard works and court appointments

French bishop and theologian renowned for his powerful sermons, influential literary works like the Discours sur l'histoire universelle, and his role as tutor to the Dauphin

The 13th and final emperor of Vietnam's Nguyễn dynasty, known for his Western education and attempts at reform during a period of colonial rule and national upheaval

French novelist and politician who explored themes of self and nation, popularizing the term 'nationalisme'

French moralist and essayist known for his posthumously published aphoristic <i>Pensées</i>

French Impressionist painter known for his figure paintings in landscapes and for supporting fellow artists before his early death in war

Uruguayan-born French poet whose sole works, <i>Les Chants de Maldoror</i> and <i>Poésies</i>, became a major influence on Surrealism

French New Wave director known for his psychologically astute thrillers often depicting the darker side of bourgeois life with a signature detached observation

King of France for four days, whose death as an infant in 1316 spurred major changes in French succession law and inspired lasting legends

Japanese Nobel laureate who discovered how antibodies are generated and later revolutionized our understanding of memory formation

French military officer and Marshal of the Empire known for his exceptional bravery and leadership during the Napoleonic Wars

German-Prussian general and military theorist whose On War explored the political and psychological dimensions of warfare

American theoretical physicist who shared the Nobel Prize for quantum electrodynamics and was known for his curious, unconventional approach to science and life

American short story writer and poet known for his minimalist style and realistic portrayal of working-class lives

American actor and comedian known for voicing iconic Warner Bros. characters like Bugs Bunny and Daffy Duck, as well as Grandpa Lou Pickles on Rugrats

American inventor who developed the Audion triode vacuum tube, fundamentally enabling modern radio and long-distance telephony