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American seismologist, mathematician, and geophysicist known for co-creating the Richter scale, a crucial tool for quantifying earthquake magnitude

Award-winning French actress, writer, and translator known for her powerful performances and diverse talents

Japanese association football player and manager who played for and managed the Japan national team, also known for his work as a journalist

Italian novelist and journalist who created imaginative works like Invisible Cities and Cosmicomics, blending experimental storytelling with philosophical themes

American chemist and Nobel laureate known for his foundational work on polymers and macromolecules, including the Flory-Huggins theory and the concept of excluded volume

Hungarian-American mathematician known for his contributions to combinatorics, number theory, numerical analysis, probability theory, and his influential work in heuristics and mathematics education

American medical researcher and Nobel Laureate, often called "The Father of Modern Vaccines," who cultured poliovirus and developed the measles vaccine

English biochemist and Nobel laureate recognized for his structural studies of immunoglobulins and contributions to understanding the immune system