生平

American singer who transcended genres, known for her powerful R&B hits and the Grammy-winning *Unforgettable... with Love* album

American biochemist and Nobel laureate who, with colleagues, discovered ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation

American chemist known for discovering the Heck reaction, a palladium-catalyzed coupling fundamental to organic synthesis and the production of pharmaceuticals like naproxen

American physicist who, with James Cronin, discovered CP violation, revealing fundamental asymmetries in subatomic reactions and helping explain the universe's matter-antimatter balance

American filmmaker recognized as a master of the horror genre, known for iconic slasher films like "A Nightmare on Elm Street" and "Scream" that blended terror with humor

American film composer and conductor known for his distinct blend of orchestral, choral, and electronic sounds, and Celtic music motifs, notably in 'Music from Titanic'

American actor, director, and artist widely celebrated for portraying Spock in the Star Trek franchise and his diverse creative endeavors

American physicist and inventor who co-developed the maser and laser, earning him the 1964 Nobel Prize in Physics and advising multiple U.S. Presidents

American mathematician and economist who received the Nobel Prize in Economics and the Abel Prize for his foundational work in game theory and partial differential equations

German novelist, poet, playwright, illustrator, graphic artist, and sculptor, and recipient of the 1999 Nobel Prize in Literature, known for his frolicsome black fables that portray the forgotten face of history

Portuguese film director, screenwriter, and actor known for his exceptionally long and prolific career, directing films for over 80 years from Douro, Faina Fluvial (1931) to Hitler in Hollywood (2011)

Japanese association football player and coach who represented his nation on the field and contributed to the sport's growth through his leadership

Czech footballer and coach, a key midfielder who led Czechoslovakia to the 1962 FIFA World Cup Final

Uruguayan and Italian footballer who achieved lasting fame for his decisive role in the 1950 World Cup final, and was the last surviving player of that squad

Japanese association football player who represented his country on the Japan national team

Soviet and Russian film director, screenwriter, poet, and actor celebrated for his satirical comedies

German architect and structural engineer known for pioneering lightweight tensile and membrane structures, including the iconic roof of the 1972 Munich Olympic Stadium

Japanese video game programmer and businessman who served as the fourth president of Nintendo, broadening the appeal of video games with a focus on fun and accessibility

Australian politician and 22nd Prime Minister of Australia, serving as the leader of the Liberal Party from 1975 to 1983

American political scientist and historian renowned for his seminal work <em>Imagined Communities</em> and critical studies on Southeast Asian politics

Kurdish writer and human rights activist known for his powerful novels and advocacy for social justice

Iraqi politician, diplomat, and journalist known for serving as Foreign Minister and Deputy Prime Minister under Saddam Hussein

Moroccan sociologist, writer, and feminist renowned for her works on women's rights and Islamic societies

British stockbroker and humanitarian who orchestrated the Czech Kindertransport, saving 669 Jewish children from Nazi persecution before World War II