生平

American philosopher, diplomat, and educator who led Columbia University for over four decades and won the Nobel Peace Prize

American writer celebrated for her evocative novels of life on the Great Plains, including My Ántonia and O Pioneers!

American gangster and businessman who gained notoriety as the boss of the Chicago Outfit during the Prohibition era

German writer of the New Objectivity style, known for novels like *Little Man, What Now?* and *Every Man Dies Alone*, and nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature

Swiss writer, poet, librettist, and essayist celebrated for his French-language literary contributions

American industrialist and entrepreneur who founded the Ford Motor Company, pioneering affordable automobiles for the middle class through the system of Fordism

German theoretical physicist whose discovery of energy quanta earned him the 1918 Nobel Prize in Physics and laid the foundation for quantum theory

Burmese revolutionary leader instrumental in the struggle for independence and founder of modern Myanmar

Hungarian-German philosopher and sociologist known for his work in the sociology of knowledge and his seminal book, Ideology and Utopia

Belgian architect, designer, teacher, and urban planner, recognized as a founder of the Art Nouveau movement and a precursor of modern architecture

German-American actor and film director renowned for his urbane comedies and the legendary 'Lubitsch touch'

German-American psychologist known as a pioneer of social, organizational, and applied psychology

English biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize in 1929 for the discovery of vitamins, also discovered the amino acid tryptophan

King of Italy for nearly 46 years, who oversaw Italy's involvement in World War I and World War II, and the era of the Fascist regime

English occultist, writer, and prophet who founded the religion of Thelema

British statesman and Conservative politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom three times between the world wars

British mathematician known for number theory, mathematical analysis, and the Hardy–Weinberg principle

Hungarian-German physicist who won the 1905 Nobel Prize for his groundbreaking work on cathode rays and the photoelectric effect

English mathematician and philosopher who created process philosophy, influencing fields from ecology to economics