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French aviator, engineer, and inventor known for making the first aeroplane flight across the English Channel and pioneering modern aircraft controls

American lawyer and politician who became the first Native American to serve as Vice President of the United States

American author who created Conan the Barbarian and fathered the sword and sorcery genre

Italian Nobel laureate, dramatist, novelist, short story writer, and poet known for his influential plays and revival of dramatic and scenic art

German philosopher and physicist, founding father of logical positivism and the Vienna Circle, whose work profoundly influenced modern philosophy of science

English mathematician, biometrician, and eugenicist credited with establishing the discipline of mathematical statistics and founding the first university statistics department

Spanish anarcho-syndicalist militant, leading figure in the CNT and FAI, and key participant in the Spanish Revolution of 1936

German sociologist, economist, and philosopher best known for his influential concepts of Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft and for co-founding the German Sociological Association

Greek politician and statesman who served as Prime Minister for over 12 years, leading the national liberation movement and the Liberal Party

French microbiologist who identified lice as the transmitter of epidemic typhus, earning him the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1928

Austro-Hungarian otologist and Nobel Prize laureate known for his work on the vestibular apparatus, which garnered him the 1914 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

Austrian writer, satirist, and publicist known for his sharp critique of the press and politics, nominated three times for the Nobel Prize in Literature

German historian and philosopher best known for his work <em>The Decline of the West</em> and his organic theory of civilization lifecycles

Spanish essayist, novelist, poet, playwright, philosopher, and academic, celebrated for his existential philosophy and Modernist novels

King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 1910 to 1936, and a notable philatelist

English author and Christian apologist known for his wit, paradoxical style, and defense of tradition, who was a dominant figure in early 20th-century literature

Spanish poet, playwright, and theatre director, an emblematic member of the Generation of '27 who introduced tenets of European movements into Spanish literature

English writer and poet born in British India who won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1907 for his exceptional narrative talent and imaginative works