生平

American pediatrician and virologist who received the Nobel Prize for his foundational work on the poliovirus

American sociologist and critical thinker who challenged academia to engage with power and society, influencing the New Left

French immunologist who discovered the HLA system, revolutionizing organ transplantation and genetic research, and founded the CEPH

American comedian, actor, and composer known as 'The Great One' for his iconic characters and successful music career

American broadcast journalist known as "the most trusted man in America" and anchor of the CBS Evening News

American businessman, Secretary of Defense, and World Bank president who modernized corporate management and later expressed regret for his role in the Vietnam War

American scholar, computer scientist, economist, and psychologist known for pioneering research into decision-making, bounded rationality, and satisficing, and a recipient of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences

American actor and film star, recognized as the 12th-greatest male star of Classic Hollywood Cinema by the American Film Institute

American actor and filmmaker known for his explosive acting style and starring in over 90 films, including iconic dramas, westerns, and war films

Italian film director, screenwriter, and psychiatrist, a master of commedia all'italiana known for 'The Invisible Wall' and 'I miei mostri'

Swedish-German playwright, author, painter, and filmmaker known for the influential plays Marat/Sade and The Investigation and the novel The Aesthetics of Resistance

German World War II Stuka pilot, writer, and post-war neo-Nazi activist

American biochemist and Nobel laureate recognized for his discovery of nitric oxide as a crucial cellular signal in the cardiovascular system

American biochemist and Nobel laureate recognized for his pioneering research on protein folding and the relationship between amino acid sequence and protein conformation

American mathematician and polymath known as the "father of information theory" who laid the foundations of the Information Age

The world's first woman to be elected prime minister, who served Sri Lanka for three terms

Veteran English actor known for Hammer horror films and portraying Alfred Pennyworth in the Batman film series

Italian writer, poet, politician, playwright, and translator known for her novels and essays exploring family relationships and the political landscape during and after the Fascist years, a recipient of the Strega and Bagutta Prizes

Swedish biochemist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1982 for his discoveries concerning prostaglandins and related substances

Italian industrialist and engineer who founded Lamborghini Trattori and Automobili Lamborghini, creating world-renowned high-end sports cars

Canadian-American actor and military officer, a prominent box-office star during Hollywood's Golden Age with a career spanning over five decades

British-Australian actor known for his powerful roles in films like Network and Raid on Entebbe

Estonian chess grandmaster, sportsperson, and non-fiction writer, renowned as a top player for three decades and for his contributions to chess literature

British psychologist known for pioneering work on intelligence and personality, and the most cited living psychologist at the time of his death