生平

Japanese samurai and politician, supreme commander of the Japanese army, and one of the three great nobles who led the Meiji Restoration

English politician, trade unionist, and pacifist who received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1903 for his advocacy of international arbitration

British novelist and poet of the Victorian era known for pioneering psychological depth in his novels and for his complex, distinctive prose

Russian author, philosopher, and pacifist regarded as one of history's most influential writers

French literary critic, historian, and philosopher, known for influencing naturalism and historicist criticism

English poet, illustrator, and painter who co-founded the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood and influenced the Aesthetic movement

Swiss businessman and humanitarian who co-founded the Red Cross and initiated the Geneva Conventions, receiving the first Nobel Peace Prize

Norwegian playwright and theatre director, celebrated as the father of modern drama and one of the world's most frequently performed dramatists

French novelist, poet, and playwright known for his visionary science fiction works such as Around the World in Eighty Days and De la Terre à la Lune, a true futurist and children's writer