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King of Spain known as El Pacificador who reigned from 1874 until his death in 1885, stabilizing the Spanish monarchy

English neurophysiologist who coined 'synapse' and won the Nobel Prize for his discoveries on neuron functions

English composer and conductor known for his significant contributions to classical music, including the iconic Enigma Variations and Pomp and Circumstance Marches

British doctor and Nobel laureate who discovered the mosquito transmission of malaria, fundamentally changing the fight against the disease

British lieutenant-general, writer, and the visionary founder of the global Scout and Girl Guide Movements

German Marxist theorist, communist activist, and tireless advocate for women's rights

Swiss linguist and philosopher whose foundational ideas shaped 20th-century linguistics and semiotics

Polish-British novelist and master prose stylist who enriched English literature with his unique global perspective and psychological depth