Born and died in 1916

Algerian politician, revolutionary, and association football player who served as the first president of Algeria from 1963 to 1965

Italian film director, screenwriter, and psychiatrist, a master of commedia all'italiana known for 'The Invisible Wall' and 'I miei mostri'

New Zealand-born British biophysicist and Nobel laureate who initiated X-ray diffraction studies on DNA and contributed to the discovery of its double helix structure

American actor and filmmaker known for his explosive acting style and starring in over 90 films, including iconic dramas, westerns, and war films

Veteran English actor known for Hammer horror films and portraying Alfred Pennyworth in the Batman film series

Swedish-German playwright, author, painter, and filmmaker known for the influential plays Marat/Sade and The Investigation and the novel The Aesthetics of Resistance

American broadcast journalist known as "the most trusted man in America" and anchor of the CBS Evening News

Longest-serving President of the French Republic and the first left-wing politician to assume the presidency under the Fifth Republic

French immunologist who discovered the HLA system, revolutionizing organ transplantation and genetic research, and founded the CEPH

Russian theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate known for pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductors and superfluids

British-Australian actor known for his powerful roles in films like Network and Raid on Entebbe

Italian politician, professor, and diplomat who served five terms as Prime Minister of Italy and was a prominent leader of the Christian Democracy party

Japanese novelist, poet, and scholar widely considered one of the greatest writers in modern Japanese history, known for exploring individualism and Westernization

Belgian Symbolist poet, writer, and playwright who was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature six times

American author, journalist, and social activist who pioneered commercial fiction and became an international literary celebrity

Polish writer, novelist, journalist, and philanthropist, Nobel Prize laureate known for historical novels like <em>Quo Vadis</em> and the Trilogy series

American astronomer who founded Lowell Observatory, popularized the idea of Martian canals, and initiated the search that led to the discovery of Pluto

Spanish playwright, civil engineer, mathematician, and statesman who was awarded the 1904 Nobel Prize in Literature for his role in reviving Spanish drama

Russian-French immunologist, embryologist, and biologist, Nobel laureate for his foundational work on immunity and phagocytosis

French Symbolist artist known for his evocative drawings, prints, and paintings that explored the imaginative and subconscious world

Jewish writer and playwright known for his Yiddish stories, including those that inspired Fiddler on the Roof

German writer, poet, playwright, novelist, and translator who became the first Queen Consort of Romania as the wife of King Carol I

American-British writer considered among the greatest novelists in the English language, bridging literary realism and modernism

Swedish politician, opinion journalist, and committed pacifist who received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1908 for his work for peace through arbitration and international law