Born and died in 1896

Sicilian Prince and writer best known for his posthumously published novel, <em>The Leopard</em>, which chronicles the decline of the aristocracy

Nobel laureate who, with his wife Gerty, discovered the Cori cycle, explaining how the body breaks down and resynthesizes glycogen for energy

First Lady of the United States known for her White House hospitality, frugality, and personal style

56th and 57th Prime Minister of Japan who directed economic management in Manchukuo and revised the U.S.–Japan Security Treaty

Italian poet, prose writer, and editor awarded the 1975 Nobel Prize in Literature for his distinctive interpretation of human values

Russian linguist and literary theorist, pioneer of structural linguistics and founder of modern phonology

Italian journalist, resistance leader, and politician who served as President of Italy from 1978 to 1985

American novelist, essayist, and short story writer best known for his depictions of the Jazz Age

French-Occitanian poet, playwright, actor, and theatre director, a major figure of the European avant-garde and conceptualizer of the Theatre of Cruelty

Indian spiritual teacher, writer, translator, and philosopher who founded the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON) and spread Krishna consciousness worldwide

Austro-Hungarian-American biochemist, physician, and Nobel laureate who discovered the course of the catalytic conversion of glycogen, becoming the first woman to win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

Swiss psychologist and biologist known for his seminal theory of cognitive development and genetic epistemology

Filipino nationalist, writer, and polymath who became a national hero for advocating political reforms against Spanish colonial rule through his influential literary works such as Noli me tangere and Ang "Filibusterismo".

Swedish chemist and inventor known for inventing dynamite and establishing the Nobel Prizes

British textile artist, author, and socialist who revived traditional textile arts and helped establish the modern fantasy genre

Norwegian linguist, poet, and philologist who created Nynorsk, one of Norway's official written languages

French physicist, astronomer, and photographer who accurately measured the speed of light and conducted the Fizeau experiment

British painter and illustrator, co-founder of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood and renowned for works such as Ophelia and Christ in the House of His Parents

American author and abolitionist known for Uncle Tom's Cabin, which influenced the anti-slavery movement

French poet, writer, critic, and translator who was a paramount exponent of fin de siècle poetry, associated with the Symbolist, Parnassianist, and Decadent movements