Born and died in 1877

Hungarian poet and journalist regarded as the greatest Hungarian poet of the 20th century, known for his exploration of love, temporality, faith, individuality, and patriotism

Italy's first President and a distinguished jurist, politician, and journalist who guided the nation through its transition to a republic after World War II

British mathematician, astronomer, and physicist known for his theories in cosmology and leadership in scientific societies

English radiochemist and Nobel laureate who, with Ernest Rutherford, explained radioactivity as the transmutation of elements and proved the existence of isotopes

British chemist and physicist who won the 1922 Nobel Prize for his mass spectrograph, which led to the discovery of isotopes in non-radioactive elements and the enunciation of the whole-number rule

Nobel Prize-winning German-Swiss poet, novelist, and painter whose works like "Siddhartha" and "Steppenwolf" explored themes of authenticity, self-knowledge, and spirituality

English physicist and Nobel laureate who discovered characteristic X-rays

German Nobel laureate in Chemistry known for his investigations of the constitution of the bile acids and related substances

American dancer and choreographer who pioneered modern contemporary dance and achieved widespread acclaim throughout Europe and the United States

German Nazi Party politician, lawyer, and diplomat who served as Minister of the Interior and was a convicted war criminal

British mathematician known for number theory, mathematical analysis, and the Hardy–Weinberg principle

German economist and politician, known for his role as President of the Reichsbank during the Weimar Republic and his influence in German economic policy

French painter who led the Realism movement and influenced Impressionists and Cubists

Japanese samurai and politician, supreme commander of the Japanese army, and one of the three great nobles who led the Meiji Restoration

French astronomer and mathematician best known for mathematically predicting the existence and precise location of the planet Neptune

French statesman and historian who served as the first President of the Third French Republic from 1871 to 1873

Argentine politician and army officer, known as the "Restorer of the Laws," who governed Buenos Aires Province and briefly the Argentine Confederation