ชีวิต

Czech writer, screenwriter, and poet widely regarded as one of the best Czech authors of the 20th century, known for his distinctive prose and profound narratives

British psychologist known for pioneering work on intelligence and personality, and the most cited living psychologist at the time of his death

Australian neurophysiologist and philosopher who won the 1963 Nobel Prize for his work on the synapse and ionic mechanisms in nerve cell membranes

French-Hungarian painter and printmaker recognized as the "grandfather" and leader of the Op art movement

Pakistani musician, singer, and composer recognized as the "Shahanshah-e-Qawwali" for his powerful performances of Sufi devotional music and for introducing qawwali to the world stage

Italian fashion designer, entrepreneur, and costume designer who founded the luxury-fashion house Versace and pioneered the fusion of fashion with the music world

American rapper and songwriter widely considered one of the greatest of all time, known for his distinctive, laidback lyrical delivery and semi-autobiographical music rooted in East Coast hip-hop

British biochemist awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1957 for his research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes

Brazilian educator and philosopher known for his work in critical pedagogy and the influential book, Pedagogy of the Oppressed

Chinese-American physicist known for the Wu experiment, disproving parity conservation, and contributions to the Manhattan Project

Soviet and Russian actor and clown celebrated for his comedic film roles and circus performances, notably in Gaidai's films like The Diamond Arm

English biochemist and crystallographer who shared the 1962 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on haem-containing proteins

French supercentenarian and the oldest person in history whose age has been verified, with a documented lifespan of 122 years and 164 days

Russo-British-Latvian Jewish social and political theorist, philosopher, and historian of ideas known for his influential lectures and insightful works

Austrian neurologist, psychiatrist, philosopher, and Holocaust survivor who founded logotherapy, a psychotherapy school emphasizing the search for life's meaning as a central human motivational force

French naval officer, oceanographer, filmmaker, and author who co-invented the Aqua-Lung and pioneered underwater documentaries

Japanese actor and producer widely considered one of the greatest actors of all time, known for his commanding screen presence and heroic roles

Chinese politician and paramount leader who initiated China's era of reform and opening up, transitioning the nation toward a socialist market economy

Member of the British royal family and Princess of Wales, known for her humanitarian activism, glamour, and enduring global popularity

Albanian-Indian Catholic nun and missionary who founded the Missionaries of Charity and received the Nobel Peace Prize for her work with suffering humanity