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American jazz pianist, bandleader, and composer known for the Count Basie Orchestra and shaping the swing era with his minimalist piano and driving rhythm section

American biochemist and Nobel laureate who was the first to isolate and crystallize a virus, bridging the gap between living and non-living matter

American diplomat and historian best known for advocating the Cold War policy of containment against Soviet expansion

American band leader and composer who defined the big band sound with hits like "Moonlight Serenade" and "Chattanooga Choo Choo" before going missing in action during WWII

American mythologist, writer, and lecturer best known for his work on the 'hero's journey' and comparative mythology

Soviet and American theoretical physicist and cosmologist who championed the Big Bang theory and popularized science

American diplomat, educator, and political scientist who received the 1950 Nobel Peace Prize for his mediation in the Arab-Israeli conflict

American psychologist, behaviorist, and inventor known for developing operant conditioning and his work on the experimental analysis of behavior

English-American novelist, playwright, and screenwriter known for "Goodbye to Berlin" and his contributions to gay fiction

American children's author and cartoonist who created beloved characters and revolutionized reading with his whimsical books

Pioneering Mexican actress, known as the first major female Latin American crossover star in Hollywood and a key figure in Mexican cinema's Golden Age

American theoretical physicist and science administrator known as the "father of the atomic bomb" for his leadership of the Manhattan Project

First President of Nigeria and a driving force behind the country's independence, widely regarded as the father of Nigerian nationalism

American organic chemist who discovered crown ethers and shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1987 for their development and use of molecules with structure-specific interactions of high selectivity

Japanese association football player who played for the Japan national team

Hungarian and American actor recognized for his distinctive voice, unique appearance, and memorable portrayals of timidly devious, often sinister, characters.

Irish politician, diplomat, and human rights activist who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1974 for his efforts to secure human rights worldwide

German-Canadian physicist and physical chemist who won the 1971 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his work on the electronic structure and geometry of molecules, particularly free radicals

German-American jurist and political scientist, a leading figure in 20th-century international relations theory and a founder of realism, author of Politics Among Nations

A titan of the British stage and screen, John Gielgud was an actor and director whose career spanned eight decades, becoming one of the "trinity" of actors who shaped 20th-century theatre

British-American actress known for portraying dignified women and being a top box-office draw during Hollywood's Golden Age

German-American evolutionary biologist, taxonomist, and tropical explorer who helped formulate the modern evolutionary synthesis and the biological species concept

British economist known for the IS–LM model, his statement of consumer demand theory, and extending general-equilibrium and value theory

Olympic gold medalist swimmer and water polo player who became a celebrated American actor