Born and died in 1899

American actor, screenwriter, and film producer renowned as an American cultural icon and the greatest male star of classic American cinema

English playwright, composer, director, actor, and singer celebrated for his sharp wit, flamboyant style, and extensive contributions to stage, screen, and music

Italian supercentenarian who was the world's oldest living person and the last verified individual born in the 1800s

Pakistani politician, statesman, and military general who served as Pakistan's last governor-general and first president

Hungarian inventor known for patenting the first commercially successful modern ballpoint pen

German-American political philosopher and historian of political philosophy known for his interpretations of ancient and medieval thought, his account of classical natural right, and his influence on twentieth-century political theory by advocating for a return to classical understanding

Australian virologist and immunologist who won a Nobel Prize in 1960 for predicting acquired immune tolerance and developing the theory of clonal selection

Argentine writer, essayist, poet, and translator known for his profound short stories like Ficciones and El Aleph, which explored themes of labyrinths, infinity, and dreams, and significantly influenced magical realism and philosophical literature

Algerian politician who was the first President of the Provisional Government of Algeria and the National Constitutional Assembly

British filmmaker known as the "Master of Suspense" who directed over 50 feature films and hosted the iconic Alfred Hitchcock Presents television series

Australian-British novelist, actress, and journalist best known as the creator of the Mary Poppins series of books

German politician, lawyer, and theologian who served as President of West Germany from 1969 to 1974, following terms as Minister of the Interior and Minister of Justice

American lawyer, orator, and politician known as "the Great Agnostic" who championed free thought and agnosticism

Norwegian mathematician who largely created the theory of continuous symmetry and made substantial contributions to algebra

7th President of the French Republic who rose from a tanner and shipowner to unexpectedly lead France, bolstering the Franco-Russian Alliance and navigating the Dreyfus affair

French-born British Impressionist painter known for his consistent dedication to landscape painting en plein air, capturing the subtle beauty of the French countryside