Born and died in 1826

Empress consort of the French from 1853 to 1870, born in Spain and later served as de facto head of state in 1870

19th-century French Symbolist painter and sculptor, known for his allegorical and mythological works, considered a master of Symbolism

French physician and musician who invented the stethoscope, revolutionizing medical diagnosis

Italian Catholic priest, mathematician, and astronomer renowned for establishing the Palermo Observatory and discovering the dwarf planet Ceres

Founding Father and second U.S. president who led the American Revolution and served as a diplomat in Europe

American Founding Father, principal author of the Declaration of Independence, and third U.S. President

French lawyer, politician, and writer renowned for his timeless work on the philosophy and pleasure of food, <i>Physiologie du goût</i>