Born and died in 1890

American geneticist who discovered X-ray induced mutations and warned of radiation dangers

The most prominent figure in the history of tango, an Uruguayan singer, songwriter, and actor recognized worldwide for his influential interpretation of popular music and a rich vocal range

Austrian filmmaker dubbed the 'Master of Darkness' by the British Film Institute, known for his influential work in German Expressionism and his impactful career in both Germany and the United States

French general and statesman who led the Free French Forces in World War II and founded the Fifth Republic

Sixth President of the Philippines who served from 1948 to 1953, overseeing post-war reconstruction and nation-building

American General of the Army who commanded the Allied Expeditionary Force in WWII and served as the 34th President of the United States from 1953 to 1961

American comedian, actor, comic vocalist, and game show host, known for his masterful one-line retorts and iconic performances across vaudeville, Broadway, film, radio, and television

English mystery and detective writer known for creating Hercule Poirot and Miss Marple across 66 novels and 14 short-story collections

Austrian-Bohemian writer known for powerful novels like The Forty Days of Musa Dagh and The Song of Bernadette, bridging diverse cultures and faiths

German-American psychologist known as a pioneer of social, organizational, and applied psychology

American-born visual artist who pioneered photographic techniques and contributed to Dada and Surrealist movements in Paris

American writer and editor best known for creating the Cthulhu Mythos and pioneering the "Lovecraftian horror" subgenre

German businessman and archaeologist known for excavating the presumed site of Troy and other Mycenaean sites, advocating for the historicity of Homer's Iliad

Hunkpapa Lakota medicine man and traditional leader who led his people during years of resistance against United States government policies

Belgian-French Romantic composer, celebrated organist, and influential music teacher known for works like the Symphony in D Minor and Sonata in A major

British explorer, army officer, writer, and scholar famed for his wide-ranging travels in Asia, Africa, and South America, and his mastery of up to 29 languages

Dutch Post-Impressionist painter known for his bold colors, dramatic brushwork, and influential contributions to modern art

Swiss poet, writer, novelist, and chancery manager known for his literary realism in works like <i>Green Henry</i> and <i>Seldwyla Folks</i>

Italian prince who briefly reigned as King of Spain amidst deep political and social divisions