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American statesman, economist, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate who served as the 30th vice president of the United States

Pioneering Iranian writer, poet, and translator, best known for the novel The Blind Owl and his influence on literary modernism and the atheist movement in Iran

French metaphysician, writer, and orientalist known for his traditionalist philosophy and writings on esotericism, symbolism, and initiation

German biochemist and Nobel laureate recognized for his fundamental discoveries in muscle metabolism and oxygen consumption

Pakistan's first Prime Minister who consolidated the new nation from 1947 until his assassination in 1951

Austrian-born German automotive engineer and inventor, founder of Porsche AG, known for the Volkswagen Beetle, Lohner-Porsche, and Auto Union racing cars

German theoretical physicist who pioneered developments in atomic and quantum physics and mentored a new generation of scientists

Austrian-Jewish American composer and theorist who revolutionized classical music through developing variation and the emancipation of the dissonance

Finnish military leader and statesman who served as regent, commander-in-chief during World War II, and president of Finland

French military and political leader who commanded the French Army in World War I and later led Vichy France during World War II

French author and 1947 Nobel Prize winner whose 50+ books explored human psychology with fearless honesty

Austrian philosopher and logician known for his work in logic, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of mind, and philosophy of language