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American painter, etcher, and printmaker known for his "art for art's sake" philosophy and atmospheric Nocturne series

American scientist and mechanical engineer who made fundamental theoretical contributions to physics, chemistry, and mathematics, and created modern vector calculus

English philosopher and political theorist who coined "survival of the fittest" and applied evolutionary principles to sociology and ethics

Austrian philosopher and writer known for his influential work <em>Geschlecht und Charakter</em> and his impact on modern thought

Irish mathematician and physicist who held the Lucasian Professorship at Cambridge for 54 years, becoming the longest-serving in its history

Danish-French Impressionist and Neo-Impressionist painter who bridged multiple artistic movements and exhibited in all eight Impressionist exhibitions

French Post-Impressionist and Symbolist painter and printmaker, celebrated for his experimental use of color and Synthetist style, as well as his influential wood engravings and woodcuts