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French playwright, screenwriter, and director known for his powerful dramas like 'Antigone' and exploring themes of integrity and moral compromise

American writer and civil rights advocate renowned for his essays, novels, and plays, including Go Tell It on the Mountain and Notes of a Native Son, who significantly influenced discussions on race and human equality

Swedish economist and sociologist who won the 1974 Nobel Prize for analyzing interdependence of economic, social and institutional phenomena

Italian chemist and Holocaust survivor who wrote essential testimonies including "If This Is a Man" and "The Periodic Table"

Belgian-born French novelist and essayist, first woman elected to the Académie Française, and winner of the Prix Femina and Erasmus Prize

French theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate known for postulating the wave nature of electrons and all matter, a foundational concept in quantum mechanics