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French neurologist known as "the founder of modern neurology" for his work on diseases like multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's, and his studies on hysteria

Hungarian novelist, dramatist, and revolutionary leader whose romantic novels captivated Victorian England and earned him comparisons to Charles Dickens

German jurist and socialist who founded the General German Workers' Association (ADAV) and initiated Germany's social democratic movement

Swiss mathematician and physicist known for formulating the Balmer series, which describes the visible spectral lines of the hydrogen atom

French academic painter known for realistic genre paintings, mythological themes, and modern interpretations of classical subjects, whose work enjoyed immense popularity then fell out of favor, only to be rediscovered in the late 20th century