Born and died in 1867

German industrialist, writer, art collector, and politician who served as Foreign Minister of Germany

English novelist and playwright who won the 1932 Nobel Prize in Literature for The Forsyte Saga and related trilogies

Estonian teacher and linguist best known as the creator of Interlingue (Occidental), an international auxiliary language

German artist known for his pioneering Expressionist paintings and expressive use of color

British statesman and Conservative politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom three times between the world wars

Italian Nobel laureate, dramatist, novelist, short story writer, and poet known for his influential plays and revival of dramatic and scenic art

Finnish military leader and statesman who served as regent, commander-in-chief during World War II, and president of Finland

English writer known for his prolific output of novels, short stories, and plays, and for being the most financially successful British author of his era

Queen consort of the United Kingdom and Empress of India, wife of King George V from 1910 to 1936

Italian conductor and music director known for his perfectionism, eidetic memory, and influential radio and television broadcasts that brought classical music to a wide audience

Bestselling Spanish author, journalist, politician, and screenwriter whose novels gained international fame through Hollywood adaptations

German linguist known for his pioneering comparative work on Indo-European languages

French poet, essayist, and critic known for his masterful command of rhythm and rhyme, whose works explored real-life observations and an exoticism inherited from the Romantics

The 121st Emperor of Japan (1846–1867) who reigned during the final tumultuous years of the Edo period, navigating the nation through increasing foreign pressures

French Neoclassical painter whose portraits and expressive forms influenced modern artists like Matisse and Picasso