Born and died in 1827

Brazilian military officer and politician who served as the first president of Brazil and led the coup that established the First Brazilian Republic

Swiss author celebrated for her iconic children's novel, Heidi, which captured the hearts of readers worldwide and influenced generations of literature

French engineer and physicist who developed the wave theory of light and invented the innovative Fresnel lens, greatly improving lighthouse visibility

German composer, conductor, and pianist who drove the transition from Classical to Romantic music and whose compositions are among the most performed globally

French polymath whose work was instrumental in physics, astronomy, mathematics, and statistics, known for Mécanique céleste and the Bayesian interpretation of probability

Swiss pedagogue and educational reformer who championed child-centered learning and integrated intellectual, moral, and physical development