Born and died in 1930

French actor who collaborated with legendary directors like Truffaut, Haneke, and Bertolucci across six decades of European cinema

Celebrated Swiss and Austrian film and stage actor, film director, screenwriter, and producer, known for his internationally acclaimed performances on screen and stage

French and Swiss film director, screenwriter, and film critic, Jean-Luc Godard pioneered the French New Wave movement and revolutionized the motion picture form through groundbreaking experimentation

American economist and Nobel laureate known for applying microeconomic analysis to a broad spectrum of human behavior, including nonmarket interactions

Nigerian novelist whose groundbreaking work "Things Fall Apart" became the most widely read African novel and established him as the father of modern African literature

British novelist and science fiction writer known for his psychologically provocative explorations of technology, sex, and mass media, and a key figure in New Wave science fiction

American astronaut who orbited the Moon in the Apollo 11 command module Columbia during the first crewed lunar landing, and a major general in the U.S. Air Force Reserve

French American plastician, painter, and sculptor known for her monumental works and social commitment

French chemist and Nobel Prize laureate known for deciphering the process of olefin metathesis, a key method in organic synthesis

British playwright and Nobel Prize winner who revolutionized modern drama with works like The Birthday Party and Betrayal

German economist and mathematician who won the 1994 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his pioneering analysis of equilibria in the theory of non-cooperative games, also known for work in bounded rationality and experimental economics

French actor renowned for his versatile performances in films including Cinema Paradiso, spanning five decades of stage and screen work

Slovene-Austrian Nobel laureate in Chemistry who developed the method of micro-analysis of organic substances

Irish-born American labor and community organizer, known as Mother Jones, who championed workers' rights, fought child labor, and co-founded the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)

German climatologist, geophysicist, and polar explorer whose wide-ranging research profoundly influenced Earth sciences

Swedish ophthalmologist and physician awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his foundational work on the dioptrics of the eye

British writer and physician best known for creating the iconic detective Sherlock Holmes and pioneering speculative fiction with The Lost World

Norwegian polar explorer, scientist, diplomat, and humanitarian who won the Nobel Peace Prize for his work with refugees and prisoners of war

British Prime Minister, Conservative politician, and philosopher who served as Prime Minister from 1902 to 1905 and Foreign Secretary from 1916 to 1919

Spanish military officer and politician who served as dictator and Prime Minister of Spain from 1923 to 1930 during the Bourbon Restoration

American statesman who served as the 27th President and 10th Chief Justice of the United States, the only person to hold both offices

English writer and poet whose modernist novels, such as Lady Chatterley's Lover, sparked widespread debate and challenged societal norms regarding sexuality and industrialization

The seventh and last Shah of Iran's Qajar dynasty, who reigned from 1909 to 1925