Born and died in 1872

Spanish writer and key novelist of the Generation of '98, known for works like 'Lucha Por la Vida' and 'Zalacain el aventurero'

British politician, writer, and Nobel Peace laureate who championed peace by arguing that economic interdependence made war irrational and self-defeating

Indian Bengali philosopher, yogi, poet, and nationalist who advocated for India's independence and formulated the spiritual path of Integral Yoga

King of Norway for nearly 52 years, from 1905 until his death in 1957

British philosopher, logician, and mathematician who championed humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought, awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature

French socialist politician, diplomat, journalist, and literary critic who served as Prime Minister of France three times

French physicist, philosopher of science, and pedagogue known for developing Langevin dynamics and equation, and a staunch opponent of fascism

French poet, dramatist, novelist, journalist, and influential art and literary critic whose extensive works spanned various genres and forms, including visual arts and photography

King of Sweden and Norway, Carl XV was the first Bernadotte monarch born in Sweden, raised speaking Swedish and in the Lutheran faith

President of Mexico, known for leading the Liberal victory in the Reform War and the Second French intervention, and as the first Indigenous president

American inventor and painter known for co-developing Morse code and the single-wire telegraph system, transforming global communication

Italian nationalist activist, politician, journalist, and philosopher widely known as the "Prophet of Italian Nationalism" for his work in unifying Italy