Born and died in 1822

French chemist and microbiologist renowned for discoveries of vaccination principles, microbial fermentation, and pasteurization

Belgian-French Romantic composer, celebrated organist, and influential music teacher known for works like the Symphony in D Minor and Sonata in A major

Moravian scientist and Augustinian friar who established the fundamental laws of heredity through his pea plant experiments, recognized posthumously as the founder of modern genetics

French economist, statesman, and pacifist who won the Nobel Peace Prize for his lifelong work in international peace and diplomacy