Born and died in 1941

American Baptist minister, civil rights leader, politician, and founder of the Rainbow PUSH Coalition who advocated for human and LGBTQ rights

American novelist and screenwriter best known for her Gothic fiction, including <em>The Vampire Chronicles</em>

Hungarian footballer and manager, "The Emperor," who was named European Footballer of the Year in 1967 and described as one of the most elegant footballers of all time

American paleontologist and evolutionary biologist known for his theory of punctuated equilibrium and his accessible popular science writing

American singer and songwriter known as the "King of Soul," whose heartfelt performances left an enduring mark on music

American computer scientist and co-inventor of the Unix operating system and the C programming language

Yugoslav and Serbian politician who served as president of Serbia and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, known for his role in the Yugoslav Wars and being the first sitting head of state charged with war crimes

German film, theater, and voice actor known for his extensive work across stage, screen, and voice performances

Visionary Polish film director and screenwriter known for Dekalog, The Double Life of Veronique, and the Three Colours trilogy

American actor, writer, and comedian known for SCTV, Freaks and Geeks, and his role in Happy Gilmore

American jazz and fusion pianist, keyboardist, and composer who shaped modern jazz with works like 'Spain' and his band Return to Forever

English composer, pianist, and Hammond organ player who co-founded Deep Purple and pioneered the fusion of classical music with hard rock

Polish general, statesman, writer, and Marshal of Poland who served as Commander-in-Chief of the Polish Armed Forces

Australian politician and trade unionist who served as the third Prime Minister of Australia and first federal leader of the Australian Labor Party

French painter who co-founded the Orphism movement, revolutionizing modern art through bold use of color and geometric abstraction

German embryologist who won the 1935 Nobel Prize for discovering embryonic induction and organizer effects that became foundational to modern developmental biology and cloning research

French chemist who won the 1912 Nobel Prize for developing catalytic hydrogenation methods that transformed organic chemistry

British archaeologist who pioneered the study of Bronze Age Aegean civilizations and established modern archaeological methods

Polish pianist, composer, and statesman who was crucial in securing international recognition for the Second Polish Republic

The last German Emperor and King of Prussia, reigning from 1888 to 1918, who was also an author, painter, and art collector

The seventh monarch of the Chakri dynasty and the last King of Siam under the absolute monarchy who reigned until his abdication in 1935

Scottish social anthropologist and folklorist known for his influential work on mythology and comparative religion, particularly "The Golden Bough"

Swedish poet and novelist acclaimed for her evocative poetry and the internationally recognized dystopian novel Kallocain

American astronomer and astrophysicist known for co-creating the Harvard Classification Scheme and meticulously cataloging hundreds of thousands of stars